Skin allergy test – Oat
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The skin allergy test (prick test) is the standard method for diagnosing IgE-mediated food allergies. Drops of oat extract (Avena sativa) are applied to the forearm skin, and a superficial prick is made. If the patient is sensitized, a red papule appears within 15 minutes.
The prick test identifies sensitization to proteins in oats (Avena sativa).
Oats contain major allergens such as Avena sativa lipid transfer protein (LTP), avenin (a prolamin), and other protein compounds capable of triggering allergic reactions. Sensitive individuals may develop contact dermatitis, urticaria, eczema, respiratory symptoms, or even anaphylactic reactions upon ingestion of oat-containing products.
Results must be interpreted by an allergist in the context of the patient’s symptoms for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
Purpose of the test
Detects sensitization to oats and helps the physician recommend an appropriate diet, antihistamine treatment, or oral immunotherapy if necessary.
Indications
- Contact dermatitis after using oat-containing cosmetic products.
- Urticaria after consuming oats.
- Respiratory symptoms upon contact with oat powders.
Procedure
Drops of controls and oat extract are applied to the forearm; a superficial prick is made with a sterile lancet. The reaction is evaluated after 15 minutes.
Factors that may influence results
- Application technique (prick depth, drop spacing).
- Medications: antihistamines, corticosteroids, antidepressants.
- Patient age (reduced reactions in young children or the elderly).
- Presence of dermatographism or local skin conditions.
The oat prick test is essential for confirming IgE-mediated food allergy and preventing severe reactions.
Sources:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772829325001572
https://www.allergy.org.au/images/stories/pospapers/ASCIA_SPT_Manual_March_2016.pdf
https://www.riaponline.it/article/view/1109
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/all.15902
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11503118/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/oat-allergy#symptoms
https://www.foodallergy.org/resources/skin-prick-tests
Pregătirea:
5–7 days before the test: Stop taking antihistamine medications (on doctor's advice), as they may influence the test result. Avoid topical corticosteroid treatments on the forearms. Do not apply creams, lotions or perfumes to your forearms in the days leading up to the test. On the day of the test: Come with clean skin, no cosmetics applied to the area where the test is done (forearm or back). Tell your doctor about all the treatments you are taking (including dietary supplements or herbs). Avoid drinking too much coffee or alcohol before the test.
