Anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) antibodies, IgA

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, IgA (anti-tTG IgA) are serological markers primarily used for the diagnosis of coeliac disease — a chronic autoimmune condition triggered by the consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye and barley.

In coeliac disease, gluten may trigger an abnormal immune response in the small intestine, leading to the production of antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG), an enzyme involved in protein modification and cellular processes.

Measurement of anti-tTG IgA antibodies is one of the main laboratory tests used to assess the likelihood of coeliac disease. The test can be used both for initial diagnosis and for monitoring the response to a gluten-free diet after the diagnosis has been established.

The result is interpreted in the context of the clinical picture and, when necessary, together with other investigations. Additional examinations, including endoscopy with a small-intestinal biopsy, may be required to confirm the diagnosis.

Indications

Testing for anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies may be recommended in the following cases:

• Suspected coeliac disease — in the presence of symptoms such as chronic diarrhoea, abdominal bloating, abdominal pain or discomfort, weight loss or general weakness.
• Screening of people at increased risk — for example, close relatives of individuals diagnosed with coeliac disease or patients with certain associated autoimmune conditions.
• Monitoring of coeliac disease — after diagnosis, antibody levels may help assess the response to a gluten-free diet; a decrease in antibody levels over time may indicate a favourable response to the diet.

Test method

Immunoassay — quantitative determination of IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG IgA) in blood serum.

Procedure

A venous blood sample is collected, usually from a vein in the antecubital area.

Blood collection takes a few minutes and is performed by a healthcare professional. After the procedure, mild tenderness, a small bruise or minor bleeding may occur at the puncture site; these usually resolve spontaneously.

Sources:

https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contentid=antitissue_transglutaminase_antibody&contenttypeid=167
https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/celiac-disease/what-is-tissue-transglutaminase-iga-test
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-transglutaminase_antibodies

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any symptoms or an exacerbation of a condition, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnostic testing and treatment. Only a qualified specialist can make an accurate diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of treatment. To obtain the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to conduct tests at the same laboratory. This is because different laboratories may use varying methods and units of measurement for similar tests.