Ultrasound of the mammary glands

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

Breast ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging method based on the use of ultrasound waves, which allows assessment of breast tissue structure and identification of changes in the breasts.

The examination allows assessment of glandular tissue, cystic and solid lesions, as well as axillary lymph nodes accessible to ultrasound examination. Ultrasound can help differentiate cystic from solid lesions and characterize changes identified during a clinical examination or other investigations.

The examination can be used both to assess symptoms and changes in the breasts and to monitor previously diagnosed lesions over time.

The results are interpreted by the physician taking into account the ultrasound findings, the patient's age, symptoms and available clinical data. In some cases, the physician may recommend additional investigations, such as mammography, breast MRI or biopsy.

Indications

• breast pain or tenderness;
• a lump or lesion detected on palpation;
• changes in breast size or shape;
• changes in the skin or nipple;
• unusual nipple discharge;
• changes identified during a clinical examination;
• assessment of a lesion detected by mammography or MRI;
• differentiation of cystic and solid lesions;
• monitoring of previously diagnosed breast lesions;
• assessment of axillary lymph nodes;
• breast assessment during pregnancy and breastfeeding, when medically indicated;
• preventive examination as recommended by a physician.

Procedure

The patient is usually positioned lying on her back with her arms raised above her head. The physician applies gel to the breast skin and gently moves the ultrasound transducer over the surface of the breast, examining the tissues in different planes.

When necessary, the axillary areas are also examined to assess the lymph nodes.

The examination is painless and usually takes approximately 15–30 minutes, depending on the purpose of the examination and the patient's individual characteristics.

Limitations

Breast ultrasound has certain limitations and cannot replace mammography or other imaging methods in all cases.

The sensitivity and diagnostic capabilities of the examination may vary depending on the patient's age, breast tissue density, size and location of the lesion, and other individual characteristics.

Some abnormalities cannot be definitively characterized by ultrasound alone. Depending on the findings, the physician may recommend additional investigations or a biopsy.

Contraindications

Breast ultrasound has no absolute contraindications. The examination can be performed in women of different ages and, when medically indicated, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

In cases of extensive skin lesions, infections or significant breast pain, the physician may decide to adapt or postpone the procedure.

Advantages

• non-invasive and painless method;
• does not use ionizing radiation;
• can be performed during pregnancy and breastfeeding when medically indicated;
• allows assessment of breast tissue and axillary lymph nodes;
• provides real-time imaging;
• helps differentiate cystic from solid lesions;
• can be repeated for dynamic monitoring;
• provides an accessible method for evaluating breast changes.

Sources:

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21496-breast-ultrasound
https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-ultrasound
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/breast-ultrasound
https://www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/breast-ultrasound

IMPORTANT!

It is essential to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any symptoms or a worsening of your condition, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnostic tests and treatment. Only a qualified specialist can make an accurate diagnosis and determine appropriate treatment. To ensure the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them conducted at the same laboratory. Different laboratories may employ varying methods and units of measurement for similar tests.