Lipoprotein (a), Lp (a)

Please note that independent interpretation of results is not acceptable; the information below is for informational purposes only.

The Lp(a) test measures the concentration of lipoprotein(a) in the blood — a lipid–protein particle similar to LDL cholesterol but with an additional component, apolipoprotein(a), which gives it pro-atherogenic, pro-inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic properties. Its level does not change significantly over time: it is measured once, outside of acute conditions, and reflects a lifetime risk.

Why it matters: even if LDL, total cholesterol, and other markers are normal, elevated Lp(a) levels can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases — myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, stroke, and aortic valve stenosis.

Particularities

• The concentration of Lp(a) is 70–90% genetically determined and remains relatively stable throughout life.
• Unlike “bad” cholesterol (LDL), dietary or lifestyle changes have little impact on Lp(a) levels.
• Studies suggest that a significant proportion of the population — in some analyses 20–25% — has Lp(a) levels above the risk threshold.
• Although classical approaches (diet, statins) do not significantly reduce Lp(a), knowing its level allows for better risk stratification and guidance toward cardiovascular monitoring and prevention.

Indications

• family history of early cardiovascular disease (heart attack, stroke, coronary artery disease)
• familial hypercholesterolemia or a genetic tendency toward elevated cholesterol
• early cardiovascular disease without obvious risk factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes, etc.)
• recurrent cardiovascular events even while on lipid-lowering therapy (statins)
• desire for a comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk for preventive care

The test must be performed on an empty stomach. The last meal should be at least 8 hours before blood collection.

Sources:

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2792280
https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/48379
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/20/6040
https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2025/12/01/01/feature-lipoprotein-a
https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2019/07/02/08/05/lipoproteina-in-clinical-practice

IMPORTANT
The information in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or treatment. If you experience pain or worsening symptoms, you should consult a physician to establish an accurate diagnosis. Only a qualified specialist can make a correct diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment. For the most precise and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them performed in the same laboratory. This is because different laboratories may use different methods and measurement units for similar analyses.